Compare Monaco (2004) - Indian Ocean (2005)

Compare Monaco (2004) z Indian Ocean (2005)

	Monaco (2004)	Indian Ocean (2005)

Administrative divisions	none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 15.5% (male 2,554; female 2,453) 15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,860; female 10,165) 65 years and over: 22.4% (male 2,959; female 4,279) (2004 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	none	-
Airports	none; linked to the airport at Nice, France by helicopter service (2003) (2003 est.)	-
Area	total: 1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 68.556 million sq km note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Flores Sea, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Java Sea, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Savu Sea, Strait of Malacca, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative	about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background	Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.	The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate	9.36 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $518 million expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1995)	-
Capital	Monaco	-
Climate	Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers	northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline	4.1 km	66,526 km
Constitution	17 December 1962	-
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco	-
Currency	euro (EUR)	-
Death rate	12.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Debt - external	NA (2000 est.)	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	Monaco does not have an embassy in the US consulate(s) general: New York	-
Disputes - international	none	some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient	NA	-
Economy - overview	Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.	The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	-
Electricity - imports	NA kWh note: electricity supplied by France	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m	lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues	NA	endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%	-
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8860 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERCQ (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government	-
Exports	$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red	-
GDP	purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA (2000 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	43 44 N, 7 24 E	20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note	second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban	major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Heliports	1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) (2003 est.)	-
Highways	total: 50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Imports	$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France	-
Independence	1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA	-
Industries	tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA (2000)	-
International organization participation	ACCT, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	-
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)	-
Labor force	30,540 (January 1994)	-
Land boundaries	total: 4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km	-
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (2001)	-
Languages	French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque	-
Legal system	based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	-
Legislative branch	unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held NA February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.42 years male: 75.53 years female: 83.5 years (2004 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 99% male: NA female: NA	-
Location	Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy	body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references	Europe	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm	-
Merchant marine	none	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
National holiday	National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November	-
Nationality	noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan	-
Natural hazards	NA	occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources	none	oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate	7.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	32,270 (July 2004 est.)	-
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	0.44% (2004 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Monaco	Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 90%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	-
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system	-
Telephones - main lines in use	33,700 (2002)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	19,300 (2002)	-
Television broadcast stations	5 (1998)	-
Terrain	hilly, rugged, rocky	surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate	1.76 children born/woman (2004 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	3.1% (1998)	-

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